REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIONAL PROTECTION SCHEME FOR HVDC TRANSMISSION LINES BASED ON REACTIVE ENERGY

Abstract

As we see modern civilization heavily depends on consumption of electrical energy for commercial,
industrial, domestic, agricultural and social purposes. HVDC is most economical way to transmit bulk power over
longer distances, complexity in controlling of the power flow, asynchronous power grid interconnections and renewable
energy integration due to its flexible power control. Among the numerous techniques concerning HVDC system, DC
transmission line protection is one of the important unit thus it provides fast fault clearance and guarantees the
operation security of the entire HVDC transmission system. In HVDC transmission lines uses the voltage differential
protection in which voltage differential rate to identify the faults takes place on transmission line but this technique not
efficient due to not detect high impedance faults and its sensitivity to faults resistance.
In the time difference between the initial wave and reflected wave from the fault point is utilized to calculate the fault
distance, but it is difficult to distinguish the reflected wave from the disturbing waves in some cases. This project
proposes a novel directional backup protection scheme based on reactive energy for HVDC transmission systems. In this
paper reactive energy is defined as the integral of reactive power during a period of time